Repetition of the shortened FFS over several rice cropping cycles proved more effective than the frequent meetings within one cropping cycle. Findings: Only four meetings for agroecosystems analysis that emphasised an analytical and reflective learning cycle generated suitable adaptation measures selected from farmers' feedback. Surveys were conducted and their results were validated through focus group discussions, which provided an adequate database to simplify the steps in the FFS approach. We have simplified FFS components and modified its curriculum focusing on extracting and integrating farmers' feedback into adaptation measures. Design/methodology/approach: FFSs that are commonly used in guiding rural development processes involve a long process of preparation, weekly meetings and dissemination of new technologies with a greater knowledge flows from researchers or institutions to farmers than contrariwise. ![]() ![]() This paper aimed to provide a method that encourages active farmer involvement and integrates farmer's feedback to deliver timely adaptations to CRS management. However, the contextual management complexity can hamper adoption, despite the large long-term benefits that CRSs offer. Purpose: Complex rice systems (CRSs) are polycultures of plants and animals that enhance ecological processes contributing to sustainable and profitable farming systems.
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